How to Make a Classic Chess Board

Coving the Sides
I build the lid as part of the sides, then cut the lid free on the table saw. The box has four sides of equal length with mitered corners. To reinforce the miter joints, I use a spline, which adds a lot of strength and a subtle design element. I also like to add a cove to the sides of the box.

Coving, an act that is easily achieved using your table saw, can be done prior to building the box or after. I prefer doing it before, just in case a calamity of some kind happens, destroying all of my work to that point.

The procedure is really quite simple. Basically, just pass the wood across the blade at an angle and take very light cuts, maybe 1/16″ at a time. I use an 80-tooth blade because it produces a cleaner cut and leaves me with less scraping to do afterwards. Less scraping is always a good thing.

To make this cove, bevel the blade to 45°. This gives something approaching a parabolic curve, but changing the angle of approach and the slope of the blade can produce a variety of profiles.

Clamp a straight-edged board across the saw to act as a fence, then make multiple passes. Sometimes if the workpiece is long and I’m alone, I’ll clamp a second board parallel to the first so the workpiece travels between the two, just to keep things running smoothly. The pieces for this project will be more than four feet long, so I recommend using the second guide.

As a safety precaution, always use proper push blocks when coving. It’s a lot like jointing: The workpiece needs to be held down over the blade, and that should never be done by hand. Once you’ve raised the saw blade to the finished height (about 3/8″) the coving is complete.

Building the Box
Once the coving is done, cut the side pieces to rough length and then accurately miter them. Next, using your table saw, cut 1/8″-thick x 1/8″-deep kerfs for the splines in the mitered ends. Instead of angling the blade, I use a homemade sled. Although I’m able to angle my blade, I find it to be very awkward.

To deter tear-out, always back up the cut with a piece of scrap wood so that when the blade exits the work it does so cleanly. These slots need to be kept fairly close to the inside corner so they don’t break through into the thinner area created by the coving. To make the splines, rip a piece of walnut just less than 1/8″ thick on the table saw and crosscut them just less than 1/4″ with a fine handsaw. The grain on the splines must be perpendicular, not parallel, to the length, for additional strength.

Now cut the 1/4″ x 1/4″ groove on the inside of the box sides for the bottom plywood piece and the splines for the chessboard, which nest in the groove cut in the edges of the chessboard. Don’t glue these parts in. It’s necessary to allow some float, accommodating seasonal changes.

Next, sand all the inside faces of the box and apply masking tape to the inside edges of the box sides to help gather any glue that squeezes out. Masking tape with glue on it is easier to remove than hardened glue in the corners.

Then you can dry-assemble the box to ensure that everything fits properly. If it does, glue up the piece on a nice, flat surface. My splines extended a little above the top edge so I pared them off with a sharp chisel later. Never leave them below the surface – it looks terrible.

Instead of clamps, I’ve found I get better results wrapping several passes of surgical tubing around the box, as shown in photo 7. Surgical tubing can be stretched tightly, applying pressure evenly to the joints. This is hard to do if you’re alone, so you may need to start with clamps. Once the box parts are positioned properly, put the tubing on and remove the clamps.

After checking to make sure everything is square, let the box sit overnight. The next day, clean up any squeezed-out glue at the joints then carefully cut around the outside of the box to remove the lid, as seen at right. The edges of the box and lid will need a little cleanup, something you can do with a sharp block plane.

Building the Base
In my opinion, this box looks more elegant on a base. I make a simple base using two pieces of 3/4″ walnut, 1-5/8″ wide and 1/4″ longer than the sides. I miter the ends, then stick them back to back with double-sided tape.

On the center line, drill a 3/4″-diameter hole 2″ from each end. Then cut through the center along the length. Using a band saw or jigsaw, cut away the waste between the holes and clean this up using a block plane and rasp. This will yield four 3/4″ x 3/4″ sides, which can be mitered and glued together to produce the base. This, in turn, can be glued to the bottom of the chessboard.

I don’t use a spline in the base’s miters because with everything glued together, strength isn’t an issue. Before doing the final glue-up, plane a light chamfer along the top edge to match the one at the chessboard’s top edge.

Also be sure you clean up the coved sides. I like to do this with handmade scrapers. I use old handsaw blades I get at garage sales and cut them to fit the profile. A piece of sandpaper wrapped around a large dowel also will work.

Checkmate
When you play chess, your right-hand corner square must be white. I like to open the lid like a book so I put the hinges on a side. This way both players can look into the box when it’s opened to remove their chess pieces.

I mortise the hinges into the box and lid, slightly less than half the height of the hinge. Once the lid has been fitted, the outside can be sanded and then the whole piece can be finished in whatever way you choose.

My wife lined the bottom of the box with some felt while I made dividers to separate the pieces. This isn’t really necessary, but it is a nice surprise when the lid is opened.

Once finished, take some time to sit down and challenge a friend to a good game of chess. PW

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Barry Black builds custom furniture in Red Deer, Alberta, Canada.